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Breeding for mycorrhizal symbiosis: focus on disease resistance Organic Eprints
Hohmann, Pierre; Messmer, Monika.
Modern plant breeding can no longer afford to ignore the interaction between plants and microbial key players. Increasing evidence suggests (i) that the expression of many plant traits (such as nutrient use efficiency or tolerances against biotic and abiotic stresses) is mediated by beneficial microorganisms and (ii) that there is an exploitable genetic base for the regulation of symbiotic relationships. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) play a key role in many of these trait expressions. While much is known about their ability to mobilise nutrients (especially phosphorus), the complex mechanisms of AMF-mediated disease resistance have only started to become apparent within the past decade. Besides competition for root space and resources, AMF also have...
Tipo: Journal paper Palavras-chave: Breeding; Genetics and propagation Crop health; Quality; Protection.
Ano: 2017 URL: http://orgprints.org/31548/1/Hohmann%2C%20Messmer%20-%202017%20-%20Breeding%20for%20mycorrhizal%20symbiosis%20Focus%20on%20disease%20resistance.pdf
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Breeding for symbioses – Mycorrhizae as a case study Organic Eprints
Hohmann, Pierre; Backes, Gunter; Thonar, Cécile; Messmer, Monika.
Plant associated soil microbes are known to play an important role in the expression and stability of certain plant traits such as nutrient use efficiency and disease resistance. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) form one of the primary mutualistic plant-microbe symbioses. Besides known benefits such as improved nutrient mobilisation (mainly phosphorus and zinc) and tolerance against abiotic stresses (mainly drought), an increasing number of studies highlight a significant role of AMF in the mediation of disease resistances and priming mechanisms. Individual reports have shown enhanced levels of defence-related compounds (such as glucanases, chitinases and phenolics) in mycorrhizal plants, and there is first evidence of certain phytohormone pathways (in...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. Palavras-chave: Breeding; Genetics and propagation Crop health; Quality; Protection.
Ano: 2016 URL: http://orgprints.org/30510/1/hohmann-etal-2016-Eucarpia2016_Abstract.pdf
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Brug af egen såsæd i økologisk jordbrug Organic Eprints
Borgen, Anders.
Vejledning ved brug af egen udsæd.
Tipo: Book chapter Palavras-chave: Production systems Crop combinations and interactions Cereals; Pulses and oilseeds Breeding; Genetics and propagation Crop health; Quality; Protection Weed management Post harvest management and techniques.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://orgprints.org/22146/7/22146.pdf
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Brug egen såsæd i økologisk jordbrug Organic Eprints
Borgen, Anders.
Der har i den danske landbrugspresse i sommeren 2008 været en debat om fordele og ulemper ved anvendelse af egen udsæd i forhold til anvendelse af certificeret udsæd. Landscenteret har eksempelvis beregnet, at konventionelle landmænd kan spare 265-350 kr/ha ved at bruge certificeret udsæd på 10% af markerne, og bruge egen såsæd på resten. Omvendt fremhæver såsædsbranchen for det første, at den danske model, hvor langt hovedparten af landmændene køber certificeret såsæd er med til at finansiere dansk planteforædling, og dermed til at vi har de bedste sorter, og for det andet et certificeret såsæd er af en bedre kvalitet bl.a. på grund af bejdsning. I økologisk landbrug er forholdene anderledes end i det konventionelle landbrug.
Tipo: Report chapter Palavras-chave: Breeding; Genetics and propagation Crop health; Quality; Protection.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://orgprints.org/27491/6/27491.pdf
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ÇİLEKTE KURŞUNİ KÜF HASTALIĞI ETMENİ Botrytis cinerea’YA IN VITRODA FUNGAL ANTAGONİSTLERİN ETKİSİ Organic Eprints
Eken, Cafer; Genç, Tuba; Tuncer, Serdar; Kadıoğlu, Zakine.
Adaptasyon kabiliyetinin yüksekliği sayesinde, çileğin (Fragaria X ananassa Duch.) çok farklı ekolojilerde yetiştiriciliği yapılmaktadır. Çilek de diğer taze meyve sebzelerde olduğu gibi, özellikle yetiştirme döneminde hüküm süren fungal hastalıklar nedeniyle önemli ürün kayıplarına uğramaktadır. Botrytis cinerea Pers. ex Fr. (teleomorf; Botryotinia fuckeliana (de Bary) Whetzel) çilekte çiçek veya meyvede kurşuni küf hastalığına sebep olmakta, hem hasat öncesinde hem de hasat sonrasında çilekteki başlıca ürün kayıpları bu hastalıktan kaynaklanmaktadır. Hastalık ile mücadelede çiçeklenme dönemindeki fungisit uygulamaları hastalığın engellenmesinde kullanılan en etkili ve yaygın yöntemdir. Ancak, B. cinerea’nın fungisitlere karşı kazandığı dayanıklılık,...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. Palavras-chave: Breeding; Genetics and propagation Crop health; Quality; Protection.
Ano: 2013 URL: http://orgprints.org/28610/1/SamsunEkenetal.pdf
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COBRA: a new European research project for organic plant breeding. In: Conference Booklet - Breeding for Nutrient Efficiency - Joint Meeting of EUCARPIA Section Organic & Low-Input Agriculture and EU NUE-CROPS Project Organic Eprints
Döring, Thomas F.; Baresel, Jörg Peter; Borgen, Anders; Finckh, Maria R.; Howlett, Sally; Ortolani, Livia; Pearce, Bruce; Pedersen, T.M.; Wolfe, Martin.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. Palavras-chave: Breeding; Genetics and propagation Crop health; Quality; Protection.
Ano: 2013 URL: http://orgprints.org/27954/1/2013.Doring%20et%20al.COBRA.Eucarpia.pdf
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COBRA: Coordinating Organic Plant Breeding Activities for Diversity Organic Eprints
Organic plant production is currently challenged by several pressure factors. Along with perennial problems such as weed control, climate change is threatening to affect crop production through increasing weather variability. Plant breeding is a crucial factor in creating organic crop production systems that can better cope with such interacting stresses and producers need crop varieties with (a) good resistance against pests and diseases, esp. seed borne diseases; (b) the ability to react to environmental, esp. climatic variability; and (c) high competitiveness against weeds. COBRA aims to support and develop organic plant breeding and seed production with a focus on increasing the use and potential of plant material with High genetic Diversity (Hi-D) in...
Tipo: Project description Palavras-chave: Breeding; Genetics and propagation Crop health; Quality; Protection Regulation.
Ano: 2023 URL: http://orgprints.org/22617/1/COBRA_short_description_Orgprints_2ndCall%20V1.0.pdf
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COBRA - Coordinating Organic Plant BReeding Activities - for diversity Organic Eprints
The proceedings contain a complete program for the COBRA Final Conference, a list of the participants and abstracts describing the presentations. COBRA is a European research project (CORE organic II) which aims to unleash the potential of plant genetic diversity for organic agriculture by linking up efforts on both pure line breeding and High genetic diversity (Hi-D) systems in grain legumes. COBRA focuses on four major arable crops: wheat, barley, pea and faba bean. International Experts from 16 different countries attended the COBRA Final Conference. The COBRA project was coordinated by Organic Research Centre, UK.
Tipo: Proceedings Palavras-chave: "Organics" in general Breeding; Genetics and propagation Crop health; Quality; Protection.
Ano: 2015 URL: http://orgprints.org/29766/1/Samlet%20tekst%20inkl%20abstracts_Vesrion3.pdf
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Comparative evaluation of phytochemical profiles and identification of flavonoids in cereal grains Organic Eprints
Liu, Q; Borgen, Anders; Trust, Beta.
The phytochemicals including flavonoids and phenolic acids mainly contained in the outer layer of the kernels are key factors responsible for the biofunctionality of whole grains. The phytochemical profiles of twelve grain samples comprising 6 wheats, 3 barleys and 3 oats were studied for comparative evaluation of their antioxidant properties. Total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant activities (DPPH and ORAC) of the grain extracts were measured. The bound phenolic acids were identified and quantified using HPLC and mass spectrometry. The flavonoids in different grain were analyzed using HPLC and tandem mass spectrometric techniques. TPC in acidified methanol extracts ranged from 164 to 226, 264-391, and 308-331 mg/100 g for wheat, oats and barley,...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. Palavras-chave: Food security; Food quality and human health Cereals; Pulses and oilseeds Breeding; Genetics and propagation Crop health; Quality; Protection.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://orgprints.org/22150/7/22150.pdf
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Composite Cross Populations of Cereals in Practice: Arguments and Recent Developments in the Legal Framework Revision Organic Eprints
Wolfe, Martin; Howlett, Sally; Fradgley, Nick; Winkler, Louisa; Pearce, Bruce; Döring, Thomas F..
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. Palavras-chave: Breeding; Genetics and propagation Crop health; Quality; Protection Weed management.
Ano: 2013 URL: http://orgprints.org/27955/1/2013.Wolfe%20et%20al%20Eucarpia.pdf
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Coordinating Organic Plant Breeding Activities for Diversity (Verbundvorhaben) Organic Eprints
Das hier beschriebene Projekt ist Teil eines Verbundvorhabens, das folgende Teilprojekte umfasst: FKZ 12OE021, FKZ 12OE022 und FKZ 12OE023. Alle in Organic Eprints archivierten Projektbeschreibungen und Veröffentlichungen zu diesem Verbundvorhaben finden Sie unter folgendem Link: http://orgprints.org/id/saved_search/1498. Für den ökologischen Landbau sind widerstandsfähige Sorten erforderlich, die auch dann marktfähige Ware mit hoher Qualität und akzeptablen Erträgen hervorbringen, wenn sie Stressfaktoren wie suboptimaler Nährstoffversorgung, Trockenheit, Befallsdruck durch Schaderreger oder Beikrautkonkurrenz ausgesetzt sind. Ziel des Projektes COBRA ist es, die ökologische Züchtung und Saatgutproduktion in Europa zu unterstützen und damit die...
Tipo: Project description Palavras-chave: Cereals; Pulses and oilseeds Biodiversity and ecosystem services Breeding; Genetics and propagation Crop health; Quality; Protection.
Ano: 2023
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CREATION ET EXPERIMENTATION DE VARIETES DE POMMES ADAPTEES A L’AGRICULTURE BIOLOGIQUE Organic Eprints
Lateur, Marc; Pissard, Audrey; Bastiaanse, Heloïse; Jamar, Laurent.
Our apple breeding program is based entirely on the results of our work to safeguard, evaluate and valorize the rich heritage of apple tree genetic resources in our regions. Since 1975, no fewer than 1800 introductions have been collected in our collections and, taking into account duplicates, errors and synonyms, this represents a total of about 850 distinct cultivars. These are systematically evaluated in experimental orchards that do not undergo any treatment. Some cultivars that are highlighted for their high level of resistance to the main diseases as well as for their agronomic and quality characteristics of trees and fruits are used as parents. Our priorities are mainly focused on the expansion of the apple's genetic base, polygenic resistance to...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. Palavras-chave: Fruit and berries Breeding; Genetics and propagation Crop health; Quality; Protection.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://orgprints.org/35239/1/CREATION%20ET%20EXPERIMENTATION%20DE%20VARIETES%20DE%20POMMES.Lateur%20et%20al%202009.pdf
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Cultivating a diverse wheat population suitable for low-input and organic farming Organic Eprints
Caldbeck, Janie.
The Population produces more stable yields than those of the parent varieties due to more efficient use of soil nutrients and water, and lower plant disease and pest levels. When compared to the parent varieties, it produces yields of higher quality; increased protein content, improved hardness, good baking quality, comparable nutrition levels, and it is suitable for animal feed. Practical recommendation • The Population is most suitable for growing in low input or organic systems (under high input conditions it maintains its stability, but could yield significantly lower than pure line varieties). • It is able to adapt to changing environmental and weather conditions and cope with variation in diseases and weeds. To further increase crop resilience,...
Tipo: Practice tool Palavras-chave: Production systems Cereals; Pulses and oilseeds Breeding; Genetics and propagation Crop health; Quality; Protection.
Ano: 2017 URL: http://orgprints.org/31043/1/PA_017_ORC_Wakelyns_Population_new_QR.pdf
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De biologische landbouw in Vlaanderen: Onderzoek 2015-2016 Organic Eprints
Onderzoek en kennisuitwisseling zijn belangrijk voor de innovatiekracht van de biologische sector. Als algemeen platform voor het delen van informatie, ideeën en ervaringen over onderzoek voor de biologische landbouw en voeding in Vlaanderen, wil NOBL hiertoe bijdragen. In deze editie ‘De biologische landbouw in Vlaanderen’, wordt het onderzoek tussen 2015 en 2016 in de kijker gesteld. Samen met de vertegenwoordigers uit ondertussen reeds zestien organisaties uit zowel fundamenteel, toegepast als praktijk onderzoek, sector en beleid wordt, naast onderzoek dat de voorbije jaren werd afgerond, pas opgestart onderzoek voorgesteld en laten we u kennis maken met de eerste resultaten van lopend onderzoek.
Tipo: Book Palavras-chave: Dairy cattle "Organics" in general Soil quality Crop combinations and interactions Beef cattle Composting and manuring Feeding and growth Nutrient turnover Soil tillage Sheep and goats Research communication and quality Greenhouses and coverings Health and welfare Buildings and machinery Pigs Breeding; Genetics and propagation Crop health; Quality; Protection Poultry Weed management Farm nutrient management.
Ano: 2016 URL: http://orgprints.org/35123/1/NOBL2016_NL_LR_0.pdf
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Development of organic indica rice cultivar (Oryza sativa L.) for the wetlands of Kerala, India through new concepts and strategies of crop improvement Organic Eprints
T., Vanaja; K.P., Mammooty; M., Govindan.
Developing crop varieties that are less dependent on the heavy application of synthetic fertilizers is essential for the sustainability of agriculture. Here we report the development of a new rice cultivar, the first of its kind possessing the general criteria for an organic rice variety, at the same time suitable for chemical agriculture as well, and with favourable cooking and nutritive qualities. The method adopted for cultivar development was a combined strategy of pedigree breeding, organic plant breeding, and farmer participatory breeding approaches. Considering its high grain and straw yield potential even under organic management and unfavorable soil conditions, and its other favorable quality and organic varietal traits, farmers have started...
Tipo: Journal paper Palavras-chave: Crop combinations and interactions Food security; Food quality and human health Systems research and participatory research Breeding; Genetics and propagation Crop health; Quality; Protection Farm nutrient management History of organics.
Ano: 2013 URL: http://orgprints.org/25024/7/25024.pdf
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Die Streifenkrankheit der Gerste Organic Eprints
Müller, Karl-Josef.
Der Beitrag befasst sich mit der saatgutübergreifenden Streifenkrankheit, welche insbesondere bei der Zucht ohne Saatgutbehandlung zur Gefahr werden kann. Forschungsergebnisse zu Sorten- und Pflanzanfälligkeit werden aufgezeigt und die Strategie "Anpassung statt Resistenz" als mögliche Herangehensweise erläutert.
Tipo: Newspaper or magazine article Palavras-chave: Cereals; Pulses and oilseeds Breeding; Genetics and propagation Crop health; Quality; Protection.
Ano: 2003 URL: http://orgprints.org/26709/1/Die%20Streifenkrankheit%20der%20Gerste.pdf
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Does Thule III have resistance gene Bt-13? Organic Eprints
Borgen, Anders.
All over the world, Thule III is used as differential variety for the resistance gene Bt-13 against common bunt. It can therefore be strange that I can question whether Thule III have Bt-13, so let me elaborate the question. I also use Thule III as a standard for Bt-13, and I got this variety from GRIN PI 181463. This variety does indeed have a major gene against common bunt and since we all use it as a standard for Bt-13 this gene is per definition Bt-13. What still puzzles me is that this variety does not look like Thule III. It says in the GRIN database that it is of Swedish origin with the pedigree Thule II/Sammet. PI 181463 is a short, lodging and weak variety with a very poor winter hardiness, and it does not at all look like a Swedish winter wheat....
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. Palavras-chave: Breeding; Genetics and propagation Crop health; Quality; Protection.
Ano: 2014 URL: http://orgprints.org/28140/7/28140.pdf
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EFFECT OF DIFFERENT ECOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTS ON ORGANIC CULTIVATED SOYBEAN (Glycine max (L.) Merril.) Organic Eprints
Borbélyné Hunyadi, Éva.
In recent years different protein sources have gained importance. Crop cultivation plays an important role in meeting the demand for many of these. In order to improve the quantity and the quality of yields; we must acquire a complex ecological attitude and exercise a more rational use of natural resources. To succeed requires favourable material, technical and social circumstances. The exploitation of genetic capability – as a form of renewable resource – is a fundamental method for increasing yields. To do this we must harmonize the biological needs of the given variety, its ecological attributes, with the circumstances of its cultivation. Today, the soybean is one of the most important plant sources of protein and vegetable fats (Bódis and...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. Palavras-chave: Crop combinations and interactions Breeding; Genetics and propagation Crop health; Quality; Protection.
Ano: 2014 URL: http://orgprints.org/24198/1/24198%20Borbelyne_MM.pdf
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Effekte der Saatgutimpfung im ökologischen Soja-Anbau unter den Umweltbedingungen nördlicher Breiten Organic Eprints
Kühling, I.; Hüsing, Bianka; Bome, N.; Trautz, Dieter.
Driven by an increasing demand for GMO-free soya as food or fodder, the production of organic Soybeans increases, also in high latitudes. As a legume crop, soya needs specific rhizobia bacteria to be supplied by biological nitrogen fixation (BNF). Since most soils lack the soy-specific strains, bacteria material is usually added manually. We set up a field trial with 5 site-years to investigate the benefit of this inoculation procedure in two different environments (humid, Germany/semi-arid, Russia) under organic farming conditions. Overall 5 different varieties were used (at each site 2 individual and 1 joint) to compare inoculation against untreated control. Leaf chlorophyll as indicator for BNF was determined by a SPAD-502. To make the SPADmeter...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. Palavras-chave: Cereals; Pulses and oilseeds Breeding; Genetics and propagation Crop health; Quality; Protection.
Ano: 2017 URL: http://orgprints.org/31919/1/Effekte%20der%20Saatgutimpfung%20im%20%C3%B6kologischen%20Soja-Anbau.pdf
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Efficacy of non-synthetic seed treatments against anthracnose (Colletotrichum lupini) in white lupin Organic Eprints
Haesen, Esther.
White lupin (Lupinus albus) is an interesting crop for use as food, feed, forage or cover crop. However, its cultivation is currently limited because of its high susceptibility to the seed-borne pathogen Colletotrichum lupini, causal agent of lupin anthracnose. Twenty-eight seed treatments were studied here for their efficacy against lupin anthracnose, consisting of 4 hot water, 5 steam, 4 dry heat, 5 electron, 2 plant-based and 2 microbial treatments, as well as 6 controls. Experiments were divided into a germination assay and a pot-based disease assessment experiment. Treatment effects were studied by visual assessments of plants, culture-based incubation of plant tissue and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR)-based detection of Colletotrichum...
Tipo: Thesis Palavras-chave: Cereals; Pulses and oilseeds Breeding; Genetics and propagation Crop health; Quality; Protection.
Ano: 2018 URL: http://orgprints.org/34403/1/MThesis_EfficacyofNonSyntheticSeedTreatmentsAgainstLupinAnthracnose_EHaesen.pdf
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